User:Jph2/Sandbox4

Taxation in Ventora Ventora has a rather simple taxation scheme. Businesses pay a 19.27% tax on net retained income, which is income after expenses not reinvested into the concern. There is an additional 3.9% tax on business income distributions, such as dividends to shareholders, and another 11.48% tax on profits repatriated by foreign companies. A foreign company is any business with ownership outside the borders of Ventora exceeding half of the shares or value of the company. There is also a 10% tax applied to s realized on the sale of assets for both natural persons and companies. A foreign business entity must also pay an additional 12.18% branch tax if capital gains are transferred out of Ventora. Individuals also pay a 10% tax on other non-wage income, such as from interest or rentals.

Although there is no direct individual or  in Ventora, employers and employees subscribe to various social welfare trust schemes. These include social insurance for healthcare and pensions, including old-age, sickness, disability, un/underemployment, and care leave, as well as occupational injury or illness pensions. While certain trusts, particularly healthcare trusts, receive some tax funding, the majority of the social welfare trusts rely on levies of wage percentages for both workers and employers. Costs vary based on the chosen plan, but base obligations require employer contributions of 21.45% of wages and worker subscriptions starting at 10.35% of wages.

, counties, and collect the  and  (GST). As a value-added tax, the GST is applied at each offering of a good or service for sale at wholesale or retail. Its rate varies by locality but foodstuffs, housing (but not lodging), healthcare, and government services are exempted from the GST. The property tax is based on the value of land, exclusive of improvements with rates varying based on locale.

Property taxes
Generally, municipalities collect property taxes based on the land value, but excluding improvements, such as buildings. Each municipality sets their rate, but also collects property taxes for their county and duchy, which is remitted to them. In addition, total property tax rates include a 1.586% assessment payable to the Kingdom of Ventora. Permissible duchy levies may be up to 1%, with county and municipality levies limited to one-half percent. Thus, the maximum property tax rate does not exceed 3.586%. In 2021, the average property tax rate nationwide was 3.02%

In 2017, Ventora introduced a 1.1% tax on the market value of s and s over 10 m, s over 25 m, and non-commercial powered aircraft used less than 75% of the time in business. In 2021, (non-commercial vessels over 40 m) became subject to an additional  of 0.9%. The tax is meant to discourage the use of inefficient transport means and is used to support passenger rail transport initiatives.

Separate from es, so-called s (non-commercial road vehicles with an initial value over Ꝟ75,000 in 2018) are subject to a of 9.3% above the goods and services tax at time of sale. After purchase, owners must pay the 9.3% surtax over annual road taxes each year. The tax is a form of and simply becomes part of the state's general taxation revenues rather than being used to fund roads or other forms of transport. Several duchies have filed suit to access funding from the surtax since road funding is generally devolved to them, not the national government.

Import/export tariffs and duties
Tariffs and duties also follow a straightforward regimen uniformly applied across various commodity groups. Due to the commitment to an open market, Ventora rarely institutes punitive or disparate tariff rates. Instead, the Open Markets Board investigates and addresses allegations of anti-competitiveness through legal means. Similarly, tariffs are not a suitable mechanism in the foreign policy domain for Ventora. Of interest, customs duties mirror tariffs for arriving individual travelers, generally with personal use quantities excepted.

Excise taxes
There is an excise tax on some products in addition to any other taxes due. The rates are 5% of wholesale on alcohol, 50% of wholesale on tobacco, 25% on retail of non-medical drugs, 1% of retail on food purchases above 18,000 calories weekly (3,000 daily) and above 1.5 kg weekly meat, 0.5 kg weekly fats/oil. Excise taxes are distributed to healthcare funds on a per capita basis and have the intent to reduce unhealthy lifestyle practices.

Non-commercial vehicles with engines having displacements exceeding 1500 cc are assessed an annual excise tax. The 2020 rate for each 100 cc in excess of the base was 500 Ɇ for and 400 Ɇ for. Vehicles driven less than 12000 km per year are exempt. The intent is to discourage use of large, private automobiles in an effort to reduce fuel usage and emissions as well as encourage use of public transport services.

Road taxes

 * Duchies, counties, municipalities assess road taxes on all road vehicles registered within their boundaries (vehicles must be registered where they are domiciled).
 * Commonwealth assesses a kilometers-driven tax on commercial road vehicles