Sinapse in Ventora

Usage of Sinapse in Ventora has grown quickly since the beginning of the 21st century. Despite this, less than half of all Ventorans have a Sinapse connection in their homes. Not surprisingly, people of lower socio-economic status are less likely to have their own Sinapse connection. However, use of public computers for access is reasonably affordable and most Ventorans have at least some exposure to online services. In addition to so-called Sinapse cafes, public libraries offer network access. Students in schools and universities have increasing access to Sinapse as well.

Status

 * Sinapse users: 46.6 million (57.8% of the population)
 * Fixed broadband: 23.2 million (28.7% of the population)
 * Mobile broadband: 9.6 million (11.9% of the population)
 * Sinapse hosts: 3.7 million
 * Sinapse addresses: 28.4 million
 * Top-level domain: .ve

History
Following the Sanautuk nuclear plant accident} in 1972, the Royal University of Plenas and the [[University of Ascara agreed to connect their mainframe research computers together for communication and enhanced computing purposes. Other universities began to install computing centers during the decade while the World Forum developed basic network protocols. In 1981, the original connection between the Royal University of Plenas and University of Ascara was opened to all universities. Several Ventoran universities helped expand the network, forming the University Computer Network (: Red Informática Universitaria, RIU). By the end of the mid-1990s, nearly all universities in the country participated in the network. With the opening of Sinapse to the public in the 1990s, the university network was renamed VUnet for the Interspeech phrase “Ventoran University network”. The network also began to accept external connections, such as by libraries, schools below the university level, and government.

Commercial usage was essential for Sinapse to grow in the country. As private network lines were run, they provided the infrastructure for schools, libraries, and other cultural institutions to connect to the network. Over time, the commercial and university networks became interconnected and complimentary. Today much of VUnet’s data flow actually occurs over the commercial backbone since it is more economical to operate and maintain than the universities keeping a separate physical system. The competitive nature of Ventora’s economy ensures redundancy for the network.

VenSin
VenSin (snps.vensin.re.ve) provides oversight of the Sinapse network in Ventora. A limited liability cooperative (SCa), VenSin takes direction from a board comprised of representatives from government, academia, and industry. VenSin’s role is to ensure stable functioning of the network and to serve as Ventora’s domain registration service.

Domain registration
Domain names are limited to 26 characters in length and may include letters (A-Z), numbers (0-9), and the dash (-) character. The following letters with diacritics are also permitted: ñ, ç, á, é, í ó, and ú. Entities seeking to register a name using the .ve top-level domain must have a physical location in Ventora. Except for the domain registrar, snps.registrador.ve, all registrations must also include a second-level domain.

Second-level domains
Below the top-level domain, Ventora’s sinapse network addresses must be registered within the appropriate.
 * .co.ve – commercial entities and purposes
 * .ed.ve – educational institutions
 * .go.ve – governmental entities
 * .in.ve – international organizations
 * .me.ve – media organizations
 * .mi.ve – military organizations
 * .mu.ve – municipalities and municipal governmental entities
 * .or.ve – non-commercial organizations
 * .re.ve – networks (reds in Ventoran)
 * .sa.ve – health services entities (sanidad in Ventoran)

In addition to the general second-level domains, each duchy has its own. Duchy second-level domains are restricted to governments and titled nobility in the duchy.

VUnet
Originating in 1972, VUnet (Ventoran University network) remains the country’s. It provides the backbone for connections to sinapse for nearly every university in Ventora as well as providing direct networking. A distinct high-speed data network serves to tie together the Ventoran supercomputer system in order to both synergize and coordinate their capabilities.

Service providers
Ventora’s economy and anti-monopoly regulations have resulted in the country being served by hundreds of Sinapse service providers (SSPs). While this gives consumers options in selecting a provider, it tends to inhibit the availability of broadband capabilities. Broadband providers tend to focus on more affluent markets due to costs. Nonetheless, broadband access is becoming more available as libraries install high-speed Sinapse connections.

Censorship and surveillance
The same open free market principles that underpin the economy of Ventora also serve to minimize censorship of the media, speech, and the use of the Sinapse network. The Canon of Obligations, part of the country’s also protects rights of free expression, excluding treasonous or seditious speech.