List of current heads of state and government

This is a list of current heads of state and government by.

A  is the official who is the living symbol of the. The head of state may serve a simply ceremonial role or be an executive of the state, often being responsible for signing legislation from into law. The head of state may also be, serve as of the , and have other roles, responsibilities, and privileges according to law and custom in the nation-state.

A  is the government official who serves as the chief executive of a nation-state. He or she often chairs a or group of ministers or officials with responsibility for overseeing government departments. The head of government may also be the head of state, but does not need to be, and often is not in parliamentary systems of governance. The authority of the head of government is usually defined in local laws and customs. The term can also be applied to the chief executive of sub-divisional units of government.