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The Agar Civil War, sometimes called the Second Agar Conflict, is an ongoing multi-sided civil war in Agarad that began in 1977 following a succession crisis. The war is usually divided into two general phases: the first phase, lasting from 1977 to 1987, was fought primarily between the Rukhulate government and the Republican Front, a coalition of rebel factions. The second phase began when the 1987 Aliqah Peace Talks were derailed by a bomb attack, after which the moderate Jarader Forces split of from the Republican Front. The second phase has been considerably more devastating than the first, the major factions having become entrenched in their territory. According to World Forum estimates, the war has killed 3.7 million people so far: 1.6 million soldiers across all sides and 2.1 million civilians. Between 20 to 25 million refugees have fled the country since 1977, and up to 100 million people have been internally displaced. The war has been characterized by intense urban fighting, extensive damage to civilian populations, and large amounts of foreign military intervention. It is the largest and bloodiest conflict since the Third World War, and is the longest war in contemporary history.

Background
Following its defeat in the First World War, Agarad ceased to be a great power and entered a period of prolonged instability. Its attempts to recover international prestige and influence following the war sparked the First Agar Conflict, during which Agarad was invaded by the Western Coalition for repeatedly violating the terms of the TBD treaty. Although the conflict technically ended with an Agar victory, with Coalition forces leaving the country and the treaty expiring, Agarad never regained its status as a world power. Over the next twenty years, the country gradually stabilized and modernized under the rule of Rukhul TBD, who inherited the throne in 1962. During the period of TBD's reign, known as the Tranquil Age, major reforms were made in the country, including TBD. However, starting from 1975, Rukhul TBD began to demilitarize the nation, reducing military spending and the role of the military in society. Although he had managed to push through controversial reforms before due to the high support he had in the armed forces, this new wave of reforms effectively severed any relationship between the monarchy and the military. On 15 January 1977, Rukhul THD and his entire line of succession were assassinated by the Agar army, and the crown was inherited by TBD, his deeply unpopular uncle.